Universal prevention for middle childhood students and candidates

08/01/2025 | PAXIS Institute |

This study examines the effect of providing universal preventive intervention training with the PAX Good Behavior Game on the sense of efficacy of pre-service middle childhood teacher candidates when delivered as a part of their teacher education program. Numerous longitudinal studies have outlined the proximal and distal outcomes of PAX GBG on students including decreased disruptive behaviors, increased focused attention, increased test scores, increased graduation rates, and decreased AOD use among others. PAX GBG has also shown to increase the sense of efficacy in pre-service and in-service early childhood teachers. This randomized control study found that middle childhood teacher candidates reported significantly higher efficacy than the control group and significantly higher efficacy than before the training.

Citation: Jason Fruth, Mary Huber, and Alan Avila-John. 2017. Universal prevention for middle childhood students and candidates. Critical Issues in Teacher Education (CITE), 24,10-22

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